Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA)

The Subject «Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA)» belongs to the following Online Programs taught by EENI Global Business School:

Transportation Courses: Road, Railway, Multimodal.

Diploma: International Transport.

Masters: International Transport, International Business.

Doctorate: Global Logistics, World Trade.

Languages: . Summary in Corredor Europa-Cáucaso-Asia (TRACECA) Corridor Europe-Caucase-Asie (TRACECA) Corredor Europa-Cáucaso-Ásia (TRACECA).

Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA).

The International Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA) comprises a complex multimodal transport system of thirteen countries in Europe and Eurasia: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Bulgaria, Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Romania, Tajikistan, Turkey, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.

Note: Turkmenistan is not a member of TRACECA, but has requested the access.

1. The corridor begins in Eastern Europe (Moldova, Romania, Ukraine);
2. Cross Turkey;
3. There is a route that goes through the Black Sea to the ports of Poti and Georgia, through the transport network of the Southern Caucasus;
4. The southern Caucasus has a road connection with Turkey;
5. From Azerbaijan, through the Caspian ferries (Baku - Turkmenbashi, Baku - Aktau), the TRACECA route reaches the railway networks of the states of Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan in Central Asia;
6. The transport networks of these states are connected with Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan;
7. From these three countries it is possible to reach the borders with China and Afghanistan.

The Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA) is an essential part of the foreign trade between Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Asia-Pacific region.

TRACECA's legal framework is defined by the "Basic Multilateral Agreement on International Transport for the Development of the Europe-Caucasus-Asia Corridor" (MLA TRACECA, 1998) whose objectives are:

1. Facilitate access to regional markets by developing road, air, rail and maritime transport;
2. Facilitate the international transport of goods;
3. Guarantee the safety of transport, products and protection of the environment;
4. Harmonize transport policies and legal frameworks related to transport in the TRACECA region.

The International Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA) is a complex multimodal transport system in the countries of the region, whose objective is to develop economic and commercial relations as well as transport links between the members countries.

This corridor seeks the reactivation of one of the most famous historical routes: the Silk Road.

The EU supports the development of the International Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA), although it is not part of the Agreement.

Countries in the area of influence of the Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA):

1. Afghanistan;
2. China;
3. Russia;
4. Belarus;
5. Bulgaria;
6. Syria;
7. Iraq;
8. Pakistan;
9. Mongolia;
10. Turkmenistan.

Asian regional economic communities related to the Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA).

1. CAREC: Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Iran is an observer country;
2. Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU): Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Russia;
3. SCO: Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan;
4. Economic Cooperation Organization (OCE): Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan;
5. CEI: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan y Uzbekistan;
6. Cooperation Council of Turkic Speaking States: Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Turkey;
7. OSJD: Azerbaijan, Albania, Afghanistan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Hungary, Vietnam, Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, China, North Korea, South Korea, Cuba, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Mongolia, Poland, Russia, Romania, Slovakia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Czech Republic and Estonia;
8. GUAM: Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine;
9. BSEC: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Grecia, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Turkey and Belarus;
10. Eastern Partnership of the UE: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova y Ukraine;
11. EU-South Caucasus: Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia;
12. European Neighborhood Policy: Algeria Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Egypt, Georgia, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Syria, Tunisia and Ukraine;
13. Black Sea Synergy: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova, Russia, Turkey and Ukraine;
14. Moldova, Romania and Ukraine are members of the Central European Initiative (CEI);
15. Iran is a member of:
    1. Asian Clearing Union (ACU);
    2. IORA;
    3. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (observer country).
16. Turkey is a member of:
    1. Euro-Mediterranean Partnership;
    2. Customs Union with the EU;
    3. OSCE;
    4. Africa-Turkey Partnership;
    5. Turkey is an observer country in the Association of Caribbean States (ACS).

Trade Agreements related to the countries of the Corridor

1. Kazakhstan
   1. Customs Union with Russia and Belarus;
   2. Trade Agreements with Armenia, Ukraine and Georgia;
   3. Collaboration and Cooperation Agreement with the EU.
2. Kyrgyzstan
   1. Cooperation Agreement with Pakistan;
   2. Trade Agreements with Armenia, Moldova, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.
3. Tajikistan
   1. Trade Agreements with Armenia, Ukraine and with the Eurasian Economic Union.
4. Turkmenistan
   1. Trade Agreements with Armenia, Georgia and with the Eurasian Economic Union.
5. Armenia
   1. Trade Agreements of Armenia: Georgia, Kazakhstan, Iran, Moldova, Russia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Tajikistan.
6. Azerbaijan
   1. Trade Agreements with Russia, Ukraine and Georgia;
   2. Free Trade Agreement between Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Moldova;
   3. Eastern Partnership of the UE.
7. Georgia
   1. EU-Georgia Trade Agreement;
   2. EFTA-Georgia FTA;
   3. Trade Agreements of Georgia with Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan;
   4. Free Trade Agreement between Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Moldova.
8. Moldova
   1. CEFTA;
   2. EU-Moldova Association Agreement.
9. Romania
   1. As an EU member is a beneficiary of the EU trade agreements with Moldova, Colombia, Ukraine, Mexico, Georgia, South Korea, the ASEAN, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon...
10. Ukraine
    1. Ukraine-EU Association Agreement;
    2. EFTA-Ukraine FTA;
    3. Trade Agreements of Ukraine: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, the Kyrgyz Republic, Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.
11. Iran
    1. Trade Agreements of Iran: Algeria, Armenia, Syria, Venezuela, Pakistan.
12. Turkey
    1. Trade Agreements with the EFTA, Israel, Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Tunisia, Morocco, Palestine, Syria (pending), Egypt, Jordan, Georgia, Lebanon, Montenegro, Serbia, Chile, Mauritius, South Korea, and Albania.
13. Islamic Trade Preferential System (OCI-TPS);
14. GSP.

Main Euro-Asian institutions related to the Corridor

1. Boao Forum for Asia;
2. Asia Cooperation Dialogue;
3. ESCAP;
4. Asian Development Bank;
5. Colombo Plan;
6. UNECE.

Main Islamic institutions related to the Corridor

1. Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OCI);
2. Islamic Development Bank.

The main religions of the region of the Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA) are:

1. Islam;
2. Orthodoxy.

The Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA) belongs to:

1. Central Eurasian Economic Area;
2. Orthodox Economic Area.

Related Corridors to the Silk Road

1. Bangladesh-Myanmar Corridor;
2. Asia-Africa Corridor;
3. China-Central-Western-Asia Corridor;
4. Almaty-Bishkek Corridor;
5. China-Russia Corridor;
6. China-Central-Western-Asia Corridor;
7. China-Pakistan Corridor;
8. Afghanistan-Turkey Corridor;
9. North-South Corridor (India-Russia);
10. Nanning-Singapore Economic Corridor;
11. India-Afghanistan Corridor;
12. Corridor of the Ashgabat Agreement;
13. Trans-Siberian Railway (Russia, North Korea);
14. Islamabad-Istanbul Corridor;
15. Atlantic Corridor (Portugal-Germany).

(c) EENI Global Business School (1995-2023)
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