Trans-Siberian Railway

Trans-Siberian Railway (Russia, Mongolia, China, North Korea).

The Trans-Siberian Railway (Russia, Mongolia, China, North Korea) -Транссибирская магистраль- is the largest railway line in the world (10,000 km), connecting to the east with the railway networks of North Korea, China and Mongolia (Khasan border stations, Grodekovo, Zabaykalsk and Naushki) and to the west with the European rail networks passing through Russian ports and / or border posts with the former republics of the Soviet Union.

The Trans-Siberian Railway in 7 days project consists of the implementation of technological solutions to guarantee the rapid delivery of Containers from the ports of the Far East of Russia to the Russian western borders.

1. Electrified line
2. Double via
3. The Trans-Siberian Railway passes through 87 Russian cities.
4. 90% of the route passes through the territory of the Russian Federation
5. Managed by Russian Railways

The regions through which the Trans-Siberian Railway crosses are very rich in natural resources (oil, gas, coal, wood, ferrous and non-ferrous metal minerals):

1. 50% of Russian foreign trade (Import, Export)
2. 50% of freight in Russia
3. 200,000 containers are transported each year to the European markets
4. 80% of Russian industrial potential
5. 65% of Russian coal
6. 20% of Russian refined oil
7. 25% of Russian wood

The Trans-Mongolian Railway follows an ancient tea caravan route from China to Russia via Ulan Bataar and then on to Europe.

The Trans-Manchurian Railway connects Moscow and Beijing through Manchuria.

Advantages of the Trans-Siberian Railway compared to the sea route

1. Reduction of merchandise shipping time
2. Transport of a container from China to Finland via the Trans-Siberian Railway: 10 days (28 days by sea)
3. Hyundai uses the Trans-Siberian Railway to deliver products from Busan, South Korea, to the Taganrog Automobile Factory, Russia.
4. Minimization of cargo transhipments (cost and risk reduction)
5. Low political risk (avoid Central Asian republics)
6. Implementation of the Agreement to organise the transport of containers between Japan, Russia and Europe

The Trans-Siberian Railway is a natural extension of the Russian International Transport Corridor No. 2. (Russia, Belarus, Poland, Germany) and shares routes with the China-Mongolia-Russia Corridor.

The main container train routes along the Trans-Siberian Railway are:

1. Nakhodka-Vostochnaya - Martsevo
2. Nakhodka - Moscow
3. Nakhodka - Brest (Belarus)
4. Zabaykalsk / Nakhodka - Kaliningrad / Klaipeda (Lithuania)
5. Beijing (China) - Moscow
6. Kaliningrad / Klaipeda - Moscow
7. Helsinki (Finland) - Moscow
8. Berlin (Germany) - Moscow
9. Brest (Belarus) - Ulan Bator (Mongolia)
10. Hohhot (Mongolia) - Duisburg (Germany)
11. Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, Poland) - Kazakhstan / Central Asia (Baltic - Transit).
12. Nakhodka (Russia) - Alma Ata (Kazakhstan) / Uzbekistan.
13. Brest - Alma Ata

Countries in the area of influence of the Trans-Siberian Railway: Belarus, Poland, Germany, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, South Korea, Japan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan

Asian regional economic communities related to the Trans-Siberian Railway (Russia, Mongolia, China, North Korea)

1. Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Programme (CAREC): Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan
2. Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO): Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan
3. Organization for Cooperation between Railways (OSJD): China, Mongolia, Russia
4. China is a member of:
   1. Greater Mekong Subregion
5. Russia is a member of:
   1. Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)
   2. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
   3. Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC)
   4. European Union-Russia
   5. Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)
   6. Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
6. China and Russia are members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and Africa-BRICS Countries Cooperation
7. Mongolia is a member of the Asia-Africa Growth Corridor

Free Trade Agreements related to the Countries of the corridor

1. Russia
   1. Free Trade Agreements (FTA) of Russia: ASEAN, European Union, Andean Community, Armenia, Belarus, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Serbia, Moldova, Ukraine and New Zeeland
   2. Free Trade Agreement between Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan
   3. Customs Union Russia-Vietnam
   4. Russia has a Trade Agreement with Cameroon
   China
   1. Chinese Free Trade Agreements (FTA): ASEAN, Singapore, Pakistan, New Zealand, Peru, Chile, European Union, Andean Community
2. Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA): Bangladesh, China, India, Mongolia and Sri Lanka

Major Asian institutions related to the corridor

1. Boao Forum for Asia
2. Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)
3. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
4. Asian Development Bank (ADB)
5. Colombo Plan

The main religions of the region of the Trans-Siberian Railway (Russia, Mongolia, China, North Korea) are:

1. Orthodoxy
2. Confucianism
3. Taoism
4. Buddhism

The Trans-Siberian Railway (Russia, Mongolia, China, North Korea) belongs to the:

1. Orthodox Economic Area
2. Central Eurasian Economic Area
3. Sinic Economic Area

Related Corridors to the Silk Road

1. Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor
2. Asia-Africa Growth Corridor
3. China-Central Asia-West Asia Economic Corridor
4. Almaty-Bishkek Economic Corridor
5. China-Pakistan Economic Corridor
6. East-West Economic Corridor (Myanmar-Thailand-Laos-Vietnam)
7. International North-South Transport Corridor (India-Russia)
8. India-Chabahar (Iran)-Afghanistan Economic Corridor
9. Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA)
10. Afghanistan-Turkmenistan-Azerbaijan-Georgia-Turkey Transport Corridor (Lapis Lazuli)
11. International Transport Corridor of the Ashgabat Agreement
12. Trans-Caspian Trade and Transit Corridor (Central Corridor)
13. Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan-Afghanistan-Iran Transport Corridor (KTAI-ECO)
14. Islamabad-Tehran-Istanbul Rail and Road Corridor (ITI-ECO)
15. Nanning-Singapore Economic Corridor
    1. Pan-Beibu Gulf Economic Zone

Trans-European Transport Network Corridors

1. Atlantic Transport Corridor (Portugal-Spain-France-Germany)
2. Baltic-Adriatic Transport Corridor (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Austria, Italy, Slovenia)

(c) EENI Global Business School (1995-2022)
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