 Business in Turkey, Istanbul
Syllabus of the Subject: Foreign Trade and Business in Turkey. Istanbul Ankara
- Introduction to the Republic of Turkey
- Turkish economy
- Main sectors of the Turkish economy
- Doing Business in Istanbul and Ankara
- International Trade (Import, Export) of Turkey
- European Union-Turkey Customs Union
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Turkey
- Establishing a Business in Turkey
- Special Investment Zones
- Case Study: Koç Holding
- Africa-Turkey Partnership
- Cooperation Council of Turkic Speaking States (Turkic Council) / Türk Dili Konuşan Ülkeler İşbirliği
Konseyi (Türk Konseyi - TDİK)
- Access to the Turkish market
- Business Plan for Turkey
The objectives of the Subject “Foreign Trade and Business in the Republic of Turkey” are the following:
- To analyse the Turkish Economy and Foreign Trade (Import, Export, FDI)
- To know the business opportunities in the Republic of Turkey
- To explore the Turkish trade relations with the country of the student
- To know the Turkish Free Trade Agreements (FTAs)
- To examine the profile of the Turkish companies
- To analyse the customs union between Turkey and the European Union and the Turkey-Africa
Partnership
- To develop a business plan for the Turkish market
Sample of the Subject (Doing Business in Turkey):

Description of the Subject: Foreign Trade and Business in Turkey.
Transport Corridors related to Turkey- Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA)
- Trans-Caspian Trade and Transit Corridor (Central Corridor)
- Afghanistan-Turkmenistan-Azerbaijan-Georgia-Turkey Transport Corridor (Lapis Lazuli)
- China-Central Asia-West Asia Economic Corridor
- Islamabad-Tehran-Istanbul Rail and Road Corridor (ITI-ECO)
- Pan-European Corridor IX (Finland-Russia-Greece)
- Access to the
International North-South Transport Corridor (India-Russia)
- Access to the Eurasian Land Transport Initiative (Silk Road)
- Transit and Transport Cooperation Agreement (Lapis Lazuli Route
Agreement)
- Iran-Pakistan-Turkey Transit Transport Framework Agreement (TTFA)
Turkish Preferential Access and Free Trade Agreements
- Turkey and the Central Eurasian Economic Area
- Economic Cooperation Organisation (ECO)
- Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC)
- European Union-Turkey Customs Union
- EU Enlargement
- Euro-Mediterranean Partnership
- Black Sea Synergy
- Free Trade Agreements (FTA) with the
European Free Trade Association (EFTA -
Iceland,
Norway, Switzerland, and Lichtenstein), Israel,
Macedonia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Tunisia,
Morocco, the Palestinian Authority, Syria (pending),
Egypt,
Jordan, Georgia,
Lebanon,
Montenegro,
Serbia,
Chile,
Mauritius,
South Korea, and
Albania.
- FTA not yet ratified: Lebanon, Malaysia, Kosovo,
Moldova, and
Ghana.
- Trade Preferential System among the Member States of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (TPS-OIC)
- Islamic Centre for Development of Trade (ICDT)
- Regional Cooperation Council (RCC)
- OECD anti-corruption measures
- Regional Organisation for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM) (Observer)
- Association of Caribbean States (ACS) (Observer)
- Indian-Ocean Rim Association (IORA)
(dialogue partner)
Trade Facilitation Programs
- World Trade Organisation (WTO)
-
Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
(SPS)
- Agreement on Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement)
- Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
- Agreement on Safeguards (SG)
-
Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA)
- World Customs Organisation (WCO)
- Revised Kyoto Convention
-
International Maritime Organisation (IMO)
-
Customs Convention on Containers (CCC)
- Convention Relating to Temporary Admission (Istanbul Convention)
- Intergovernmental Organisation for
International Carriage by Rail (OTIF)
- International Rail Transport Committee (CIT)
- Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road (CMR)
Turkey is the sixteenth World's largest economy.
- The Republic of Turkey has a total population of 78 million people (24 million people are active)
- Area of Turkey: 783,562.38 square kilometres
- Turkish Capital: Ankara (5.1 million)
- Turkish largest city: Istanbul (14.3 million)
- Official language of Turkey: Turkish
- Borders of Turkey: Bulgaria, Greece, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, and Syria
- Abolition of Slavery in Turkey:
1876

Religion in Turkey: Islam.
- Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence): Fiqh-el-hanafi (Hanafi)
Turkey belongs to the Central Eurasian Economic Area (Turkic area,
Islamic Civilisation).


Turkish Economy.
- The economy of the Republic of Turkey has had a steady economic growth rate for the last twenty quarters
- The Turkish gross national product and GNP per capita shows the strength of the Turkish economy as well as its integration into the global economy
- The Republic of Turkey has made significant steps in restructuring Turkish
financial sector,
improving the public sector governance, and business environment
- Turkish GDP: 800 billion USD
- Average annual real GDP growth: 4.2%
- The main sectors of the Turkish economy are agriculture and food,
automotive, Business Services, chemicals, electronics, energy and renewable,
Financial Services, Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals, Information and
communication technologies (ICT), Infrastructure, Machinery, manufacturing,
mining, property (real estate), tourism,
transportation, and
logistics
- Turkish manufacturing sector: 24% of the GDP
- Turkey is the Sixteenth World's largest pharmaceutical product producer
- The Turkish agriculture sector will be one of the top five world producers (2023)
- Property (real estate) sector in Turkey: 4.6% of the Turkish GDP

- A Global leader in dried figs, dried apricots, and hazelnuts production
- Turkey is the Seventeenth largest car maker in the World
- Turkey is the Seventh largest plastic producer in the World
- 30 million tourists every year
- Inflation in Turkey: 8%
- Deep structural reforms
- Universal Health Insurance
- Health “free zones.”
- Currency of Turkey: Turkish Lira (TRY)
- Turkey is a EU candidate member

Turkish Foreign trade.
- Turkey is a natural bridge between the Asian and the European Markets (Eurasian)
- Total Turkish exports: 158 billion USD
- Total Turkish imports: 242 billion USD
- The main Turkish exports markets
are the European Union (56%), Russia (4%), the United States (4%), Romania (3%), the United Arab Emirates (3%), and Iraq (3%)
- Textiles and transport equipment are the main imports of the European Union from Turkey
- The main import providers are Russia, China, Germany, the United States, Italy, Iran, India, and Spain
- The main imports origin of the Republic of Turkey are the European Union (41%), Russia (14%), the People's Republic of China
(8%), the United States (5%), Iran (4%) and Switzerland (3%)
- The main European Union exports to Turkey are machinery,
Transport material, and chemical products
- Turkey has a Customs Union with the European Union
- Access to the CIS and the Middle East markets
- Access to the Eurasian Land Transport Initiative


Foreign direct investment (FDI) in Turkey.
- Total FDI: 12.5 billion USD
- Turkey is the thirteenth most attractive nation in the World for Foreign direct investment (FDI)
- 41,397 foreign companies are established in the Republic of Turkey working in wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing, and property (real estate)
- Textile production leads the manufacturing sector in foreign direct investment followed by chemicals and food and beverage products
- Government body: Ministry of Investment Support and Promotion Agency (ISPAT)


Economic Organisations
- Arab League (LAS)
- Asian Development Bank (ADB)
- Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)
- Islamic Development Bank
- Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)
- Asia-Middle East Dialogue
- Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
- Economic Commission for Europe
- European Investment Bank
- United Nations (UN)
- World Bank
(WB)
- International Monetary Fund
(IMF)
- Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)

❮ Samples - Business in Turkey ❯










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