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Syllabus of the Subject: Foreign Trade and Business in Syria - Damascus (Course, Master).

1. Introduction to the Syrian Arab Republic (Middle East)
2. Doing Business in Damascus
3. Syrian Economy
4. Business Opportunities in Syria
5. Syrian Foreign Trade
6. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Syria
7. Access to the Syrian Market
8. Business Plan for Syria

The objectives of the Subject “Foreign Trade and Business in the Syrian Arab Republic” are the following:

1. To analyse the Syrian economy and foreign trade
2. To know the business opportunities in the Syrian Arab Republic
3. To explore the Syrian trade relations with the country of the student

Civil war in Syria.

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Description of the Subject: International Trade and Business in Syria.

The Syrian Arab Republic.

1. Syrian Population: 17 million people
2. Capital of Syria: Damascus
3. Syrian largest city: Aleppo
4. Arabic is the language of 90% of the population and the official language of Syria
5. The Syrian Arab Republic shares borders with Turkey, Iraq, Jordan, Israel, and Lebanon
6. Area of Syria: 185,180 square kilometres

Religion in Syria.

1. 70% of the Syrian are Muslims Sunni, 15% Shiites and 10% are Christians
2. The main school of Islamic Jurisprudence is the Hanafi

Syria belongs to the Arab Economic Area (Islamic Civilisation).

Syrian Economy

Important Note: The Arab region is undergoing deep changes, many countries are changing rapidly, some to more open economies, and others not. In the case of Syria, the civil war situation makes it extremely complex to do business in Syria. Furthermore, it is hard to reflect these socio-political changes on the course content.

1. Syrian Petroleum industry accounted for 23% of the Syrian GDP.
2. Syrian manufacturing sector accounts for only 6% of the GDP, employing 11% of the population
3. In a medium and long-term (beyond petroleum and gas sector) could open up opportunities for the foreign direct investment (FDI) in the food sector
4. In the Syrian Arab Republic products must be labelled indicating the country of origin. L
5. abelling bilingual (Arabic and English), especially for consumer goods is advised
6. Currency of Syria: Syrian Pound (SYP)

Syrian Foreign Trade

1. Top suppliers of the Syrian Arab Republic: Italy, China, Russia, Germany, France, Turkey, Ukraine, Saudi Arabia, and the United States
2. Top Export Markets of the Syrian Arab Republic: Germany, Italy, France, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Turkey
3. The Syrian Arab Republic is not a member of the World Trade Organisation.
4. The import duties are very high

Syrian Regional Institutions and Trade Agreements.

Syria has Trade Agreements with Saudi Arabia (1972), Egypt (1990), Kuwait (1991), Lebanon (1998), the United Arab Emirates (2000), Qatar (2000), Iraq (2001), and Jordan (2002). The trade agreement with Turkey will lead to a Free-Trade Area.

1. Arab League
2. Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with Turkey (pending) and Iran
3. Summit of South American-Arab Countries (ASPA)
4. Euro-Mediterranean Partnership
5. European Neighbourhood Policy
6. Asia-Middle East Dialogue (AMED)
7. Islamic Development Bank
8. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
9. Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)
   1. Trade Preferential System (TPS-OIC)

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