Fiqh - Islamic Jurisprudence

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Syllabus of the Subject: Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) - Islam (Master, Doctorate).

1. Introduction to the Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh)
2. Islamic Law Development based on the Koran and Hadiths
3. Sunni schools of Islamic Jurisprudence:
   1. Fiqh-al-Hanafi
   2. Fiqh-al-Maliki
   3. Fiqh-al-Shafi
   4. Fiqh-al-Hambali

Example of the Online Subject: Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) - Islamic Civilisation

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Description of the Online Subject: Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh).

Fiqh (jurisprudence) represents the Islamic Law development from the various interpretations that have been given to the legal sources of Islam (Koran, Hadith).

Fiqh includes categories that regulate the human behaviour in the society and relation to God. Thus, the behaviour of the faithful can range from what is forbidden (haram) to obligatory (Fard), going through the disapproved (makruh), neutral (mubah) or recommended (tahabb).

The Five Pillars of Islam (Profession of Faith, Prayer, Charity (Zakat), Fasting, Pilgrimage to Mecca) mark the obligations (Fard) of a Muslim.

According to the Sharia (and country), flout of any of these obligations may be a legal offence or crime.

Fiqh, or jurisprudence, is represented by the Sunnis, in four schools:

1) Fiqh-al-Hanafi (Hanafi)

1. It is the largest school, approximately 45% of all Sunni Muslims follow the Hanafi School of Fiqh.
2. In general, the Hanafi School is the most open and flexible. The main Hanafi countries are Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Turkey, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Pakistan, India, China, and Russia.

2) Fiqh-al-Maliki (Maliki)

1. The Maliki School of Jurisprudence is part of the official legal codes of the State of Kuwait, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates.
2. Main Maliki countries are Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Mauritania, Kuwait, Oman, Libya, Sudan, and Egypt.

3) Fiqh-al-Chafiy (Shafi)

1. The School Fiqh-al-Shafi is recognised as the official school of the governments of Brunei and Malaysia.
2. The Indonesian Government used this law school for Sharia development.
3. Main countries are Egypt, South of the Arabian Peninsula, Tanzania, Kenya, Djibouti, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and the Philippines.

4) Fiqh-al-Hamball (Hambali)

1. The Hambali School is considered as the most puritanical and strict of Islam, the interpretation of the Koran and tradition must always be literal, not having a margin for thr interpretation
2. The Hambali School has expanded from the Arabian Peninsula
3. Main Hambali countries: Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Yemen.

It should be noted that a Muslim must adhere to only one of these schools, cannot belong to more than one, and neither can be changed from one to another.

1. Human Rights in Islam
2. Religions, ethics, and business

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