Trade and Business in Kazakhstan, Astana

The objectives of the subject “Foreign Trade and Business in the Republic of Kazakhstan” are the following:

1. To analyse the Kazakh Economy and Foreign Trade (Import, Export, FDI)
2. To know the business opportunities in the Republic of Kazakhstan
3. To explore the Kazakh trade relations with the country of the student
4. To know the Kazakh Trade Agreements
5. To examine the profile of Kazakh companies
6. To develop a business plan for the Kazakh market

1. Almaty-Bishkek Economic Corridor
2. Eurasian Land Transport Initiative (Silk Road)
3. International Transport and Transit Corridor of the Ashgabat Agreement
4. International North-South Transport Corridor (India-Russia)
5. Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA)
6. China-Central Asia-West Asia Economic Corridor
7. Trans-Caspian Trade and Transit Corridor (Central Corridor)
8. Access to the:
   1. China-Pakistan Economic Corridor
   2. India-Chabahar (Iran)-Afghanistan Economic Corridor
   3. Trans-Siberian Railway (Russia, Mongolia, China, North Korea)
   4. Islamabad-Tehran-Istanbul Rail and Road Corridor (ITI-ECO)
   5. Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan-Afghanistan-Iran Transport Corridor (KTAI-ECO)

Kazakh preferential access and trade agreements

1. Kazakhstan and the Central Eurasian Economic Area
2. Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)
3. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
4. Economic Cooperation Organisation (ECO)
5. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
6. Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) Programme
7. Belarus-Kazakhstan-Russia-Ukraine Common Economic Space
8. Free trade agreement between Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan
9. Russia-Belarus-Kazakhstan Customs Union
10. Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
11. Georgia-Kazakhstan Free Trade Agreement
12. Ukraine-Kazakhstan Free Trade Agreement
13. Armenia-Kazakhstan Free Trade Agreement
14. Serbia-Kazakhstan Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
15. Kyrgyzstan-Kazakhstan Free Trade Agreement
16. Collaboration and Cooperation Agreement with the European Union
17. Iran-Pakistan-Turkey Transit Transport Framework Agreement (TTFA)
18. Cooperation Council of Turkic Speaking States
19. Islamic Trade Preferential System (TPS-OIC)

Trade Facilitation Programs

1. World Trade Organisation (WTO)
   1. WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
   2. WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS)
   3. WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
   4. WTO Agreement on Preshipment Inspection (PSI)
   5. WTO Agreement on Safeguards (SG)
   6. WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA)
2. World Customs Organisation (WCO)
   1. Revised Kyoto Convention (RKC)
3. International Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods (UNECE)
4. Organisation for Cooperation between Railways (OSJD)
5. International Bureau of Containers and Intermodal Transport (BIC)
6. International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO, Chicago Convention)
7. International Maritime Organisation (IMO)
8. Customs Convention on Containers (CCC, UN)
9. Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea (Hamburg Rules, UN)
10. International Road Transport Union (IRU)
    1. TIR Convention
    2. Guidelines on Safe Load Securing for Road Transport
11. Iran-Pakistan-Turkey Transit Transport Framework Agreement (TTFA)

Islamic Organisations. Kazakhstan is a member of...

1. Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)
   1. Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (COMCEC)
   2. Islamic Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ICCI)
   3. Islamic Centre for Development of Trade (ICDT)
   4. Statistical, Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islamic Countries (SESRIC)
2. Islamic Development Bank (IsDB)
3. Kazakhstan - Middle East (AMED)
4. Arab Development Funds

Asian Trade and Economic Organisations

1. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
2. Asian Development Bank (ADB)
3. Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)
4. Boao Forum for Asia
5. Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM)

Global Organisations

1. Kazakhstan is Beneficiary of the European Investment Bank
2. Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)
3. Africa-Asia Strategic Partnership (NAASP)
4. United Nations (UN)
   1. Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
   2. International Trade Centre (INTRACEN)
   3. World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)
5. World Bank (WB)
6. World Trade Organisation (WTO)
7. International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Kazakhstan was a member of the Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC) - Succeeded by the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)

The Republic of Kazakhstan.

1. Kazakh population: 17.6 million people
   1. 63.6% are Kazakh
2. Kazakh Area: 2,724,900 square kilometres (the ninth largest country, two time zones)
3. Borders of Kazakhstan: China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan
4. Kazakhstan is a landlocked country
5. Official language of Kazakhstan: Kazakh and Russian
6. Kazakh Capital: Astana (835,153)
7. Largest city of Kazakhstan: Almaty (1,552,349)
8. Type of Government: Unitary dominant-party Presidential Republic
9. Kazakh Independence: 1991 (URSS)

Main religions in Kazakhstan:

1. Sunni Islam (70% of the Kazakh, Hanafi school)
2. Orthodox Christianity (26%)

Kazakhstan belongs to the Central Eurasian Economic Area (Islamic Civilisation).

1. Kazakhstan belongs to the Sunni - Turkic area of the Islamic Civilisation

Kazakh Economy.

1. Kazakhstan is a Frontier Market
2. Petrol and gas areas: 72% of Kazakhstan
3. 3% of the total petroleum reserve in the World
4. Kazakhstan is a Middle-income country (WB)
5. Kazakh GDP: 225.619 billion USD
   1. Manufacturing: 35% of the GDP
   2. Services sector: 58% of the GDP
6. Kazakh GDP per capita: 12.496 USD
7. The main sectors of the Kazakh economy are mining and quarrying (33%), wholesale and trade, manufacturing industry, transportation, building, and agriculture
8. Kazakhstan is near to three BRICS Countries (Russia, China, and India)
9. EXPO-2017 in Astana
10. Ranking in the Ease of Doing Business (WB): 41
11. Investor protection
12. Kazakh Currency: Tenge
13. Kazakhstan is part of the Great Silk Way

Foreign Trade of Kazakhstan.

1. The main Kazakh exports are petroleum, other mineral resources, and raw materials
2. The largest Kazakh export markets are Italy, the Netherlands, China, Russia, Switzerland, and France
3. The main Kazakh providers are Russia, China, Germany, the United States, and Italy
4. The largest investors in Kazakhstan are the Netherlands, the United States, Switzerland, China, and France
5. Customs union with Russia and Belarus since 2010
6. The Common Economic Space (Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan) was set-up in 2012
7. The Eurasian Economic Union (Kazakhstan, Russia, and Belarus) in 2014
8. In 2015, Kazakhstan joined the World Trade Organisation (WTO)
9. Access to the Eurasian Land Transport Initiative

Agreement with Armenia

(c) EENI Global Business School (1995-2022)
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