Business in Turkmenistan, Ashgabat

The aims of the subject “Foreign Trade and Business in the Republic of Turkmenistan” are the following:

1. To analyse the Turkmen Economy and Foreign Trade (Import, Export, FDI)
2. To know the business opportunities in Turkmenistan
3. To explore the Turkmen trade relations with the country of the student
4. To know the Turkmen Trade Agreements
5. To examine the profile of Turkmen Companies
6. To develop a business plan for the Turkmen Market

1. Almaty-Bishkek Economic Corridor
2. Eurasian Land Transport Initiative (Silk Road)
3. International Transport and Transit Corridor of the Ashgabat Agreement
4. China-Central Asia-West Asia Economic Corridor
5. Trans-Caspian Trade and Transit Corridor (Central Corridor)
6. Afghanistan-Turkmenistan-Azerbaijan-Georgia-Turkey Transport Corridor (Lapis Lazuli)
7. Access to the:
   1. Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan-Afghanistan-Iran Transport Corridor (KTAI-ECO)
   2. China-Pakistan Economic Corridor
   3. India-Chabahar (Iran)-Afghanistan Economic Corridor
   4. International North-South Transport Corridor (India-Russia)
   5. Islamabad-Tehran-Istanbul Rail and Road Corridor (ITI-ECO) (not ratified)
8. Transit and Transport Cooperation Agreement (Lapis Lazuli Route Agreement)
9. Iran-Pakistan-Turkey Transit Transport Framework Agreement (TTFA) - has not ratified the TTFA
10. Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA) - is not a member, but has requested the access

Turkmen Preferential Access and Free Trade Agreements

1. Turkmenistan and the Central Eurasian Economic Area
2. Economic Cooperation Organisation (ECO)
3. Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) Programme
4. European Union: Generalised System of Preferences (GSP)
5. Armenia-Turkmenistan Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
6. Turkmenistan-Georgia Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
7. Ukraine-Turkmenistan Free Trade Agreement
8. Russia-Turkmenistan Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
9. Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)
10. Islamic Trade Preferential System (TPS-OIC)
11. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) (associated)
12. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) (Guest Attendance)

Trade Facilitation Programs

1. World Trade Organisation (WTO) - Government with observer status
2. World Customs Organisation (WCO)
   1. Revised Kyoto Convention (RKC)
3. Organisation for Cooperation between Railways (OSJD)
4. International Bureau of Containers and Intermodal Transport (BIC)
5. International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO, Chicago Convention)
6. International Maritime Organisation (IMO)
7. International Road Transport Union (IRU)
   1. TIR Convention
   2. Guidelines on Safe Load Securing for Road Transport

Islamic Organisations

1. Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)
   1. Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (COMCEC)
   2. Islamic Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ICCI)
   3. Islamic Centre for Development of Trade (ICDT)
   4. Statistical, Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islamic Countries (SESRIC)
2. Islamic Development Bank (IsDB)
3. Asia-Middle East (AMED)

Euro-Asian Trade and Economic Organisations

1. Boao Forum for Asia
2. European Investment Bank
3. Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)
4. Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
5. Africa-Asia Strategic Partnership (NAASP)
6. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
7. Asian Development Bank (ADB)
8. Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)

Global Organisations

1. United Nations (UN)
   1. Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
   2. International Trade Centre (INTRACEN)
   3. World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)
2. World Bank (WB)
3. World Trade Organisation (WTO)
4. International Monetary Fund (IMF)

The Republic of Turkmenistan.

1. Turkmenistan shares borders with Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Iran, and Uzbekistan
2. Turkmen Population: 5 million people
3. 85% of the population are Turkmen
4. Area of Turkmenistan: 491,000 square kilometres
5. Turkmen Capital: Ashgabat
6. Official language of Turkmenistan: Turkmen (Turkic group of languages)
   1. English and Russian are widely spoken
7. The Great Silk Road passes through Turkmenistan
8. Territorial organisation of Turkmenistan: five velayats (Ahal, Balkan, Dashoguz, Lebap, and Mary)
9. Turkmen independence: 1991 (URSS)
10. Turkmenistan is a Presidential Republic

Main religion: Islam

Turkmenistan belongs to the Sunni-Turkic area of the Islamic Civilisation

Turkmen Economy.

1. Agriculture: 80% of Turkmenistan is farm lands
2. Significant water resources (Karakum River)
3. Turkmen Mineral resources: hydrocarbon, mining, salt, boron, magnesium, potassium, rubidium, and bentonite
4. Drilling and exploration for petrol and gas
5. Turkmen industrial sector: petrol and gas, chemical, electric power, engineering, and textile (60 textile complexes)
6. The main sectors of the Turkmen economy are petrol and gas, power engineering, agriculture, construction, transport and communications, chemical, textile, and building materials
7. The Turkmenbashi complex of petroleum refineries is the largest high-octane gasoline and kerosene producer in Central Asia
8. Gas pipelines to China and Iran
9. Turkmen currency: Manat
10. Turkmenistan is one of the ten most corrupt countries

Foreign Trade of Turkmenistan.

1. The main exports of Turkmenistan are petroleum, carbon, cement, salt, iodine, and grains
2. Turkmenistan is an Electricity exporter (Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey, and Tajikistan)
3. Construction of the Kazakhstan-Turkmenistan-Iran Railway
4. Regional transit centre (Rail transport)