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Learning unit: Customs and the World Trade Organization (WTO). Syllabus:
- The World Trade Organization (WTO). Multilateral trading system.
- WTO agreements. Tariffs. Agriculture. Standards and safety. Textiles.
- Anti-dumping, subsidies, safeguards.
- Non-tariff barriers.
- Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures.
- Agreement on customs valuation. Rules for the valuation of goods at customs. Methods: Transaction value, identical or similar goods, Deductive or computed method and Fall-back.
- Preshipment Inspection Agreement.
- Rules of Origin Agreement
- Customs and Regional trade agreements.
- Customs procedures and the Doha agenda. |
Courses and Masters
Master in International trade and Global Marketing - Master in International Business - Diploma in International trade - Foreign trade management Course.
Course learning materials
 
Aduanas  |
Course summary (Customs and the World Trade Organization (WTO)):
Import licensing
In International trade, Import licensing are administrative procedures
that need
the compliance of
documentation to the administrative
organization as a previous
condition for importation of products. The Agreement on
Import Licensing Procedures of the World Trade Organization refers to "import licensing should be:
simple, transparent and predictable".
Customs valuation
Customs valuation is a procedure applied by customs find out the "Customs value of imported
products". In the case that the rate of duty is "ad valorem", the customs value is
necessary find out the duty to be paid on an imported product. For importers,
the process of estimating the value of a product at customs can presents some troubles.
The World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement on customs valuation aims for a fair, uniform and neutral
system for the valuation of products for customs objectives
The World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement on customs valuation defines that customs valuation should
(excluding in specified
circumstances) be based on the actual price of the products (normally marked on the invoice). The following 6 methods are considered
in the Agreement on Customs of the WTO:
- Transaction value
- Transaction value of identical products
- Transaction value of similar products
- Deductive method
- Computed method
- Fall-back method
Example of the course (Customs and the World Trade Organization (WTO)):
Transaction value, is the price
actually paid by the importer to the benefit of the exporter for the
imported products.
Preshipment inspection. When the exporter or the importer outsource specialized private companies
to control
shipment details (price, quantity and quality) of products. The Preshipment Inspection Agreement
recognizes that General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) principles and obligations
apply to these activities of preshipment.
The
"Rules of origin" define where a product was produced. The concept
of Rules and Certificate of Origin
is a key pillar of International trade rules (quotas, preferential tariffs, anti-dumping,
counter export subsidies ...)
(Source: WTO) | 
