Trade and Business in Pakistan, Islamabad

The objectives of the subject “Foreign Trade and Business in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan” are the following:

1. To analyze the Pakistani Economy and Foreign Trade (Import, Export, FDI);
2. To know the business opportunities in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan;
3. To explore the Pakistani trade relations with the country of the student;
4. To know the Pakistani Free Trade Agreements (FTAs);
5. To examine the profile of Pakistani companies and Businessman;
6. To develop a business plan for the Pakistani market.

The Subject “Foreign Trade and Business in Pakistan” belongs to the following Online Higher Educational Programs taught by EENI Global Business School:

Masters (MIB): Business in Asia, Muslim Countries, International Business, Foreign Trade.

Doctorate (DIB): Islamic Business, Asian Business, World Trade.

Course: Business in Central Eurasia.

Learning materials in (or Pakistan Pakistán Paquistão).

1. Credits of the subject “Foreign Trade and Business in Pakistan”: 2 ;
2. Duration: two weeks.

1. China-Pakistan Economic Corridor;
2. Islamabad-Tehran-Istanbul Rail and Road Corridor (ITI-ECO);
3. Almaty-Bishkek Economic Corridor;
4. International Transport and Transit Corridor of the Ashgabat Agreement;
5. Eurasian Land Transport Initiative (Silk Road);
6. Access to:
   1. Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA);
   2. Trans-Caspian Trade and Transit Corridor (Central Corridor);
   3. China-Central Asia-West Asia Economic Corridor;
   4. India-Chabahar (Iran)-Afghanistan Economic Corridor;
   5. International North-South Transport Corridor (India-Russia);
   6. Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan-Afghanistan-Iran Transport Corridor (KTAI-ECO).

Pakistani Preferential Access and Free Trade Agreements:

1. Pakistan and the Central Eurasian Economic Area;
2. Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO);
3. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC);
4. Asian Clearing Union (ACU);
5. Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) Programme;
6. Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO);
7. Islamic Trade Preferential System (TPS-OIC);
8. Pakistan-China Free Trade Agreement (FTA);
9. Mauritius-Pakistan Preferential Trade Area;
10. ASEAN-Pakistan Free-Trade Area;
11. Pakistan-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement;
12. Free Trade Agreements with India, MERCOSUR;
13. Global System of Trade Preferences among Developing Countries (GSTP);
14. Protocol Relating to Trade Negotiations Among Developing Countries (PTN);
15. Iran-Pakistan-Turkey Transit Transport Framework Agreement (TTFA);
16. Indonesia-Pakistan Free Trade Agreement (FTA);
17. Pakistan-Malaysia Free Trade Agreement;
18. European Union-Pakistan
    1. European Union-Pakistan Cooperation Agreement;
    2. EU's Generalized System of Preferences (GSP).
19. Latin American Integration Association (ALADI) (observer).

Trade Facilitation Programs

1. World Trade Organization (WTO)
   1. WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS);
   2. WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS);
   3. WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT);
   4. WTO Agreement on Preshipment Inspection (PSI);
   5. WTO Agreement on Safeguards (SG);
   6. WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA).
2. World Customs Organization (WCO)
   1. Revised Kyoto Convention (RKC).
3. Uniform Rules concerning the Contract of International Carriage of Goods by Rail (CIM, CIT);
4. International Road Transport Union (IRU)
   1. TIR Convention;
   2. Guidelines on Safe Load Securing for Road Transport.
5. Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea (Hamburg Rules, UN);
6. Convention concerning International Carriage by Rail (COTIF);
7. International Bureau of Containers and Intermodal Transport (BIC);
8. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO, Chicago Convention);
9. International Maritime Organization (IMO)
   1. International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC);
   2. Convention Relating to Temporary Admission (Istanbul Convention).
10. Customs Convention on Containers (CCC, UN) - not a member.

Islamic Organizations:

1. Islamic Development Bank (IsDB);
2. Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)
   1. Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (COMCEC);
   2. Islamic Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ICCI);
   3. Islamic Centre for Development of Trade (ICDT);
   4. Statistical, Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islamic Countries (SESRIC).
3. Asia-Middle East Dialogue (AMED).

Asian Trade and Economic Organizations:

1. Asian Development Bank (ADB);
2. Colombo Plan;
3. Africa-Asia Strategic Partnership;
4. Boao Forum for Asia;
5. Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD);
6. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP).

Global Organizations:

1. United Nations (UN)
   1. Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD);
   2. International Trade Centre (INTRACEN);
   3. Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL);
   4. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
2. World Bank (WB);
3. World Trade Organization (WTO);
4. International Monetary Fund (IMF).

The Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

1. Borders of Pakistan: Afghanistan, Iran, India, and China;
2. Pakistani Population: 199 million people;
3. Area of Pakistan: 881,913 square kilometers;
4. Capital of Pakistan: Islamabad;
5. The largest city of Pakistan is Karachi;
6. Pakistani official languages are Urdu (official) and English (co-official)
   1. Other languages: Punjabi, Pashto, and Sindhi.
7. Currency of Pakistan: Pakistani Rupee (PKR);
8. Independence of Pakistan from the United Kingdom: 1940;
9. Abolition of Slavery in Pakistan: 1992 (the last country in the World to abolish slavery).

Religion in Pakistan.

Islam is the state religion of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, most of 199 million Pakistani (95-97%) are Sunni Muslims, and Shiites represent 5% of the population, the second country after Iran.

1. Most Muslims in Pakistan follows the Madhhab Hanafi school of Islamic Jurisprudence;
2. Pakistan is a democratic Parliamentary Federal Republic with Islam as the state religion;
3. In 1979 the new penal measures based on the Islamic principles of law (Sharia) entered into force (establishing a social welfare system based on the Zakat);
4. Only Muslims have the right to act as judges in the Federal Court of the Sharia;
5. The Headquarters of the Islamic Chamber of Commerce and Industry are in Pakistan;
6. Hinduism: 1% of the population (3.6 million).

Pakistan belongs to the Central Eurasian Economic Area (Islamic Civilization).

Economy of Pakistan.

1. Pakistan is a Frontier Market;
2. The Islamic Republic of Pakistan is advantageously situated in Central-South Asia;
3. Pakistan is a Next Eleven economy with major economic and political challenges;
4. Pakistan has made significant economic reforms mainly in the manufacturing sector and financial services, but the outlook for economic growth in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is not optimistic;
5. The Automotive sector of Pakistan (32 automotive manufacturing units) is one of the largest contributors to the manufacturing sector in Pakistan (growth of 30% annually);
6. The Textile industry of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is the largest driver of export growth;
7. The International Trade Development Authority of Pakistan is the agency of the Government of Pakistan working for foreign trade promotion of Pakistan;
8. Access to the Eurasian Land Transport Initiative (Silk Road).

Shahid “Shad” Khan (Pakistan, 1952) is a prominent billionaire Businessman living in the United States. He is the owner of the Jacksonville Jaguars and Flex-N-Gate (auto components manufacturer).

The Saigol Family (from India) established the first textile unit “Kohinoor Textile Mills” under the umbrella of Kohinoor Industries Limited.

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(c) EENI Global Business School (1995-2022)
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