Trade and Business in Pakistan, Islamabad

The objectives of the subject “Foreign Trade and Business in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan” are the following:

1. To analyse the Pakistani Economy and Foreign Trade (Import, Export, FDI)
2. To know the business opportunities in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
3. To explore the Pakistani trade relations with the country of the student
4. To know the Pakistani Free Trade Agreements (FTAs)
5. To examine the profile of Pakistani companies and Businessman
6. To develop a business plan for the Pakistani market

1. China-Pakistan Economic Corridor
2. Islamabad-Tehran-Istanbul Rail and Road Corridor (ITI-ECO)
3. Almaty-Bishkek Economic Corridor
4. International Transport and Transit Corridor of the Ashgabat Agreement
5. Eurasian Land Transport Initiative (Silk Road)
6. Access to:
   1. Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA)
   2. Trans-Caspian Trade and Transit Corridor (Central Corridor)
   3. China-Central Asia-West Asia Economic Corridor
   4. India-Chabahar (Iran)-Afghanistan Economic Corridor
   5. International North-South Transport Corridor (India-Russia)
   6. Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan-Afghanistan-Iran Transport Corridor (KTAI-ECO)

Pakistani Preferential Access and Free Trade Agreements

1. Pakistan and the Central Eurasian Economic Area
2. Economic Cooperation Organisation (ECO)
3. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
4. Asian Clearing Union (ACU)
5. Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) Programme
6. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
7. Islamic Trade Preferential System (TPS-OIC)
8. Pakistan-China Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
9. Mauritius-Pakistan Preferential Trade Area
10. ASEAN-Pakistan Free-Trade Area
11. Pakistan-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement
12. Free Trade Agreements with India, MERCOSUR
13. Global System of Trade Preferences among Developing Countries (GSTP)
14. Protocol Relating to Trade Negotiations Among Developing Countries (PTN)
15. Iran-Pakistan-Turkey Transit Transport Framework Agreement (TTFA)
16. Indonesia-Pakistan Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
17. Pakistan-Malaysia Free Trade Agreement
18. European Union-Pakistan
    1. European Union-Pakistan Cooperation Agreement
    2. EU's Generalised System of Preferences (GSP)
19. Latin American Integration Association (ALADI) (observer)

Trade Facilitation Programs

1. World Trade Organisation (WTO)
   1. WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
   2. WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS)
   3. WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
   4. WTO Agreement on Preshipment Inspection (PSI)
   5. WTO Agreement on Safeguards (SG)
   6. WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA)
2. World Customs Organisation (WCO)
   1. Revised Kyoto Convention (RKC)
3. Uniform Rules concerning the Contract of International Carriage of Goods by Rail (CIM, CIT)
4. International Road Transport Union (IRU)
   1. TIR Convention
   2. Guidelines on Safe Load Securing for Road Transport
5. Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea (Hamburg Rules, UN)
6. Convention concerning International Carriage by Rail (COTIF)
7. International Bureau of Containers and Intermodal Transport (BIC)
8. International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO, Chicago Convention)
9. International Maritime Organisation (IMO)
   1. International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC)
   2. Convention Relating to Temporary Admission (Istanbul Convention)
10. Customs Convention on Containers (CCC, UN) - not a member

Islamic Organisations

1. Islamic Development Bank (IsDB)
2. Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)
   1. Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (COMCEC)
   2. Islamic Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ICCI)
   3. Islamic Centre for Development of Trade (ICDT)
   4. Statistical, Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islamic Countries (SESRIC)
3. Asia-Middle East Dialogue (AMED)

Asian Trade and Economic Organisations

1. Asian Development Bank (ADB)
2. Colombo Plan
3. Africa-Asia Strategic Partnership
4. Boao Forum for Asia
5. Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)
6. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)

Global Organisations

1. United Nations (UN)
   1. Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
   2. International Trade Centre (INTRACEN)
   3. Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL)
   4. World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)
2. World Bank (WB)
3. World Trade Organisation (WTO)
4. International Monetary Fund (IMF)

The Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

1. Borders of Pakistan: Afghanistan, Iran, India, and China
2. Pakistani Population: 199 million people
3. Area of Pakistan: 881,913 square kilometres
4. Capital of Pakistan: Islamabad
5. The largest city of Pakistan is Karachi
6. Pakistani official languages are Urdu (official) and English (co-official)
   1. Other languages: Punjabi, Pashto, and Sindhi
7. Currency of Pakistan: Pakistani Rupee (PKR)
8. Independence of Pakistan from the United Kingdom: 1940
9. Abolition of Slavery in Pakistan: 1992 (the last country in the World to abolish slavery)

Religion in Pakistan.

Islam is the state religion of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, most of 199 million Pakistani (95-97%) are Sunni Muslims, and Shiites represent 5% of the population, the second country after Iran.

1. Most Muslims in Pakistan follows the Madhhab Hanafi school of Islamic Jurisprudence
2. Pakistan is a democratic Parliamentary Federal Republic with Islam as the state religion
3. In 1979 the new penal measures based on the Islamic principles of law (Sharia) entered into force (establishing a social welfare system based on the Zakat)
4. Only Muslims have the right to act as judges in the Federal Court of the Sharia
5. The Headquarters of the Islamic Chamber of Commerce and Industry are in Pakistan
6. Hinduism: 1% of the population (3.6 million)

Pakistan belongs to the Central Eurasian Economic Area (Islamic Civilisation).

Economy of Pakistan.

1. Pakistan is a Frontier Market
2. The Islamic Republic of Pakistan is advantageously situated in Central-South Asia
3. Pakistan is a Next Eleven economy with major economic and political challenges
4. Pakistan has made significant economic reforms mainly in the manufacturing sector and financial services, but the outlook for economic growth in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is not optimistic
5. The Automotive sector of Pakistan (32 automotive manufacturing units) is one of the largest contributors to the manufacturing sector in Pakistan (growth of 30% annually)
6. The Textile industry of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is the largest driver of export growth
7. The International Trade Development Authority of Pakistan is the agency of the Government of Pakistan working for foreign trade promotion of Pakistan
8. Access to the Eurasian Land Transport Initiative (Silk Road)

Shahid “Shad” Khan (Pakistan, 1952) is a prominent billionaire Businessman living in the United States. He is the owner of the Jacksonville Jaguars and Flex-N-Gate (auto components manufacturer).

The Saigol Family (from India) established the first textile unit “Kohinoor Textile Mills” under the umbrella of Kohinoor Industries Limited.

(c) EENI Global Business School (1995-2022)
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