Doing Business in Myanmar (Burma)

The purposes of the subject “Foreign Trade and Business in the Union of Myanmar” are the following:

1. To analyze the Burmese Economy and Global Trade;
2. To know the business opportunities in the Union of Myanmar;
3. To explore the Burmese trade relations with the country of the student;
4. To know the Burmese Trade Agreements;
5. To examine the profile of Burmese companies;
6. To develop a business plan for the Burmese market.

The Subject “Foreign Trade and Business in Myanmar” belongs to the following Online Higher Educational Programs taught by EENI Global Business School:

Doctorate (DIB): Asian Business, World Trade.

Masters (MIB): International Business, Foreign Trade.

Learning materials in or Myanmar Myanmar.

1. Credits of the subject “Foreign Trade and Business in Myanmar”: 1 ;
2. Duration: one week.

1. Port of Yangon;
2. East-West Economic Corridor (Myanmar-Thailand-Laos-Vietnam);
3. Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor;
4. Asia-Africa Growth Corridor;
5. Access to the Nanning-Singapore Economic Corridor

Burmese Trade Agreements and or preferential market access:

1. Myanmar and the Buddhist Economic Area;
2. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
   1. ASEAN Economic Community;
   2. ASEAN Free-Trade Area (AFTA);
   3. Free Trade Agreements (as a member of the ASEAN): Australia-New Zealand, India, Canada, China, the European Union (EU), Japan, South Korea, the United States, Australia- New Zealand and Pakistan;
   4. Mekong Economic Cooperation Strategy (ACMECS);
   5. Mekong River Commission (MRC) (dialogue partner).
3. Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS);
4. Bay of Bengal Initiative (BIMSTEC);
5. Asian Clearing Union (ACU);
6. Regional Comprehensive Economic Association (RCEP);
7. European Union Generalized System of Preferences (GSP);
8. Trade Agreements with Bangladesh, Israel, and Sri Lanka;
9. Global System of Trade Preferences among Developing Countries (GSTP);
10. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (Observer).

1. World Trade Organization (WTO)
   1. WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS);
   2. WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS);
   3. WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT);
   4. WTO Agreement on Preshipment Inspection (PSI);
   5. WTO Agreement on Safeguards (SG);
   6. WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA).
2. World Customs Organization (WCO)
   1. Revised Kyoto Convention (RKC).
3. International Bureau of Containers and Intermodal Transport (BIC);
4. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO, Chicago Convention);
5. International Maritime Organization (IMO)
   1. Convention Relating to Temporary Admission (Istanbul Convention) - not a member.
6. Customs Convention on Containers (CCC, UN) - not a member.

Asian Trade and Economic Organizations:

1. Boao Forum for Asia;
2. Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD);
3. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP);
4. Asian Development Bank (ADB);
5. Colombo Plan;
6. Forum for East Asia-Latin America Cooperation (FEALAC);
7. Africa-Asia Strategic Partnership;
8. Asia-Middle East Dialogue (AMED).

Global Organizations:

1. United Nations (UN)
   1. Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD);
   2. International Trade Centre (INTRACEN);
   3. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
2. World Bank (WB);
3. World Trade Organization (WTO);
4. International Monetary Fund (IMF).

The Union of Myanmar (Asia):

1. Borders of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar: China, Laos, Thailand, Bangladesh, and India;
2. Capital of Burma is Naypyidaw;
3. The largest city of Myanmar: Yangon (Rangoon);
4. Burmese is the official language (32 million speakers);
5. 68% of the population of Myanmar are Burmese;
6. Burmese population: 51.4 million people;
7. Area of Myanmar: 676,578 square kilometers;
8. Type of Government of Myanmar: Unitary Parliamentary Republic;
9. Burmese Independence: 1948 (United Kingdom).

Main religion in Burma: Theravada Buddhism (89% of the Burmese population - 60 million people).

1. Christianity is the second religion (7%);
2. 1 million of Baptists.

Burma belongs to the Buddhist Civilization

Burmese Economy:

1. The Government controlled the activity in the strategic sector of the Burmese economy: energy, heavy industry, and international trade of rice (control local rice prices);
2. The Military commercial entities dominate the economy of Myanmar;
3. The Republic of the Union of Myanmar is rich in resources (hardwood timber, natural gas, fishery reserves, gems, and jade);
4. The agricultural sector (agriculture, livestock, fisheries, and forestry) represent 50% of the Burmese gross domestic product;
5. In the recent years, the Union of Myanmar has liberalized local and international trade, promoting the private sector and opening the country to the FDI;
6. Burmese Currency: Kyat (K) (MMK).

International Trade of Burma.

1. Rice exports of Burma hit a record;
2. The main Burmese export products of Myanmar are natural gas (38%), agricultural export products (18%), precious stones, timber and forest products, and marine products;
3. The largest export markets of Myanmar are Thailand (40%), Singapore (13%), Hong Kong and India (11%), the People's Republic of China (8%), and Malaysia;
4. The main imports products of Myanmar are petroleum, textiles, machinery parts, steel, iron, and bars;
5. The largest Burmese import markets of Myanmar are Singapore (30%), China (18%), the Bahamas (13%), Thailand, and Japan;
6. The Port of Yangon is the largest port in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (90% of the foreign trade -exports and imports-).

(c) EENI Global Business School (1995-2023)
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