EENI Global Business School

Foreign Trade (Strategy, Policy, and Practice)


African Students (Masters, Courses, Foreign Trade, Business)
Masters in International Business and Foreign Trade (MIB AI) MIB and APEL (Accreditation of Prior Experiential Learning)
Doctorate in International Business (DIB AI) Online MIB and APEL (Accreditation of Prior Experiential Learning)
Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Global Business (Online Course
Global Transport and Logistics
We Trust in Africa (Affordable Higher Education for Africans)
Harmony of Religions. Sri Ramakrishna Principle and Global Business
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Export-Import Operations, Documentation, International Trade, Incoterms

Foreign Trade (Importing, Exporting)

Foreign trade, also known as international trade, involves the exchange of goods, services, and capital across national borders. It’s a cornerstone of global economies, enabling countries to access resources, markets, and products they wouldn’t otherwise have. This module emphasizes the practical, policy, and strategic aspects of foreign trade from the perspective of international business managers.

Syllabous

1- Introduction to Foreign Trade

  1. Foreign Trade vs. International Business
  2. Benefits and Challenges of Foreign Trade for Nations and Firms
    1. Case Study: Vietnam’s Textile Industry and Foreign Trade
    2. Case Study: Kenya’s Horticulture Industry and Foreign Trade in Africa
  3. Balance of Payments / Trade
    1. Case Study: China's Balance of Trade
  4. Tariffs and Quotas
    1. Case Study: U.S. Tariffs and Quotas on Canadian Softwood Lumber
  5. Free Trade vs. Protectionism
    1. Case Study: U.S.-China Trade War (2018–Present)
  6. Exchange Rates
    1. Case Study: Impact of Exchange Rates on a U.S.-Based Electronics Importer
  7. Trade Agreements
    1. General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
    2. Trade Facilitation Agreement
    3. Trade Negotiations Among Developing Countries
    4. Global System of Trade Preferences
    5. COMESA-EAC-SADC Tripartite
    6. African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)
    7. Global Marketing & Trade Agreements

Market Access - Free Trade Agreements (AI)

2- Theories and Patterns of Trade

  1. Case Study: China’s Rise in Global Trade – A Test of Trade Theories
    1. Case Study: EU–Africa Trade Relations – Theory Meets Development
  2. Absolute and Comparative Advantage in Foreign Trade
    1. Case Study: U.S. and Bangladesh – Textiles vs. Aircraft
  3. Modern Trade Theories: Product Life Cycle, Strategic Trade Theory
    1. Case Study: The Global Smartphone Industry
  4. AI and Global Trade
  5. Digital Trade and Cross-Border E-Commerce
  6. Patterns of Trade between Developed and Developing Nations
    1. Case Study: Trade between the United States (Developed) and Nigeria (Developing)

3- Trade Policy and Regulation

  1. Case Study: U.S. Tariffs on Chinese Goods (2018–Present)
  2. Trade Restrictions
    1. Case Study: EU Ban on Hormone-Treated Beef Imports from the U.S.
  3. Export Promotion vs. Import Substitution
    1. Case Studies: South Korea (Export Promotion Strategy) and India (Import Substitution Strategy)
  4. Role of National Trade Policy and Trade Ministries
  5. Trade Negotiations
    1. Case Study: WTO Doha Development Round

4- Export-Import Operations and Documentation

  1. Case Study: Exporting Solar Panels from China to Germany
  2. Case Study: Digitizing Solar Panel Exports from China to Germany with TradeLens and eTradeHub
  3. Foreign Trade Documentation
    1. Case Study: Exporting Electronics from China to the United States
  4. Bill of Lading (B/L)
    1. Case Study: Exporting Textiles from India to Germany (Bill of Lading)
  5. Rules of Origin (ROO)
  6. Dispute Resolution in International Trade
  7. Incoterms
    1. Case Study: Exporting Machinery from Germany to Brazil (Incoterms)
  8. Customs in Foreign Trade
    1. Case Study: Exporting Solar Panels from China to Australia (Customs)
    2. World Customs Organization (WCO)
    3. Customs Procedures
    4. Case Study: Customs Procedures for Exporting Medical Equipment from the United States to South Africa
  9. Licensing and Compliance in Foreign Trade
    1. Case Study: TechTrend Innovations and Export Compliance
  10. Introduction to Export Planning and Market Selection
    1. Case Study: Sunrise Foods’ Export Expansion into Southeast Asia
  11. Role of Contracts in Global Trade
    1. Case Study: Dispute over Late Delivery in an International Sales Contract
    2. UN Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL)
  12. Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)

5- International Trade Finance

  1. Letters of Credit
    1. Case Study: Facilitating International Trade through Letter of Credit
    2. Case Study: Safeguarding Trade with Letters of Credit
  2. Trade Credit Insurance
    1. Case Study: Protecting Exports with Trade Credit Insurance
  3. AI in Global Finance and Risk Management
  4. FOREX
  5. International Bonds and Guarantees
  6. Factoring and Forfaiting
    1. Case Study: Using Factoring and Forfaiting for Export Financing
  7. Risk Management in Foreign Trade Transactions
    1. Case Study: Managing Risks in an Export Transaction between a German Machinery Manufacturer and a Brazilian Buyer
  8. Role of EXIM Banks (Export-Import Banks) and Credit Agencies
    1. Case Study: Role of EXIM Bank and Credit Agency in Exporting Machinery from Country A to Country B

6- Risk, Ethics, and Sustainability in Foreign Trade

  1. Foreign Trade Risk
    1. Case Study: Political Risk and Expropriation in Venezuela (PDVSA Nationalization)
  2. Currency Risk
    1. Case Study: The Impact of Currency Risk on Volkswagen AG (2015)
  3. Ethical Trade Practices and Sustainability Standards
    1. Case Study: Unilever – Embedding Ethics and Sustainability into Global Supply Chains
  4. Environmental and Social Impact of Trade
  5. AI for Sustainability in International Business
    1. Case Study: The Ready-Made Garment (RMG) Industry in Bangladesh
    2. Case Study: “The Apparel Supply Chain Dilemma – Ethical and Sustainability Challenges in Global Trade”

Global Ethics and International Business: Ahimsa (Non-Violence) and Harmony of Religions (Sri Ramakrishna)

7- Trade Facilitation and Non-tariff Measures

Trade Facilitation Programs. TFA Agreement, AI

  1. WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement

Non-tariff Measures to Trade, AI

  1. Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
    1. Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
  2. Technical Barriers to Trade
    1. Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade
  3. Pre-shipment Inspection
    1. Agreement on Preshipment Inspection (PSI
  4. Anti-dumping Measures and Safeguards
    1. Agreement on Safeguards
  5. Import Licensing and Quotas

8- Case Studies

  1. Case Study: India’s Trade Policy
  2. Case Study: Nigeria’s Trade Policy – Balancing Protectionism and Economic Integration

This module provides students with an in-depth understanding of foreign trade, including trade theories, policy instruments, export-import operations, trade financing, and compliance. It emphasizes how businesses design and implement effective foreign trade strategies within the evolving global trade environment. The module integrates real-world trade data, case studies, and regulatory frameworks.

Learning Objectives:

By the end of this module, students will be able to:

  1. Explain fundamental concepts and theories of foreign trade
  2. Evaluate the role of trade policy, agreements, and institutions in shaping trade flows
  3. Understand the practical aspects of export and import operations
  4. Identify key risks and solutions in international trade finance and logistics
  5. Develop foreign market entry and trade expansion strategies
  6. Apply legal, regulatory, and documentation knowledge to real-world trade scenarios

E-learning Courses, Diplomas (Global Business, Foreign Trade)

The module “Foreign Trade” is included within the curriculum of the following academic programs at EENI Global Business School:

Diploma in Foreign Trade.

Postgraduate Professional Certificate (PGCert) in International Trade, AI

Masters: International Business, Foreign Trade.

Masters in International Business and Foreign Trade (MIB AI)

Doctorate: Global Trade.

Doctorate in International Business (DIB AI) Online

Course: Foreign Trade Management.

Foreign Trade Management

Course: Payment Methods and International Finance.

Letters of Credit / Foreign Trade Finance

Course: Foreign Trade Assistant.

Foreign Trade Assistant

Languages: Masters, Doctorate, International Business, English or Study Doctorate in International Business in French Commerce international Study Master Doctorate in International Business in Spanish Comercio Exterior Masters Foreign Trade in Portuguese Comércio Exterior.

Area of Knowledge: Foreign Trade.


(c) EENI Global Business School (1995-2025)
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