Optional Subjects (Online Bachelor of Science, Africa)

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Optional subjects of the Bachelor of Science in Inter-African Business, e-learning, 5 ECTS)

Bachelor of Science in Inter-African Business  S1 Globalization African Economic Areas African Civilization African Institutions Economic Transformation International Trade Business in Africa International Logistics Transport in Africa Integration in West Africa West African Countries I West African Countries II Integration Organizations Southern Africa Central African Countries I Central African Countries II Integration in East Africa Egypt East African Countries I East African Countries II East African Countries III Int. Relations I Int. Relations II African Integration (Opt) Maghreb (Opt) Optional subject

Optional subjects - Bachelor of Science in Inter-African Business (Sixth semester).

The student must choose 5 ECTS between the list of proposed subjects:

1. No to Corruption [4]
2. Foreign Trade Documents [1]
3. International Trade Finance [4]
4. International Contracts [2]
5. International Distribution [5]
6. International Promotion [5]
7. Intercultural Management [3]
8. International Market Research [2]
9. International Product Policy [2]
10. Export Prices [1]
11. Segmentation, Brand and Positioning [4]
12. Ethics and Business [1]
13. Introduction to Christianity (for the Muslim students) [4]
14. Introduction to Islam (for Christian students) [4]
15. Sport, cultural, cooperation or student representation [4]
16. Mentor Students from the University [4]

Syllabus of the Subject: No to Corruption in International Trade (4 ECTS).

Objectives of the Program “No to Corruption in International Business”:

1. To raise awareness about the terrible effects of the corruption
2. To analyze the causes of corruption in International Business
3. To know the tools that an export company can implement to fight against corruption

1- Transparency International and the fight against corruption

1. Introduction to Transparency International
2. Index of Corruption Perception
3. World Corruption Barometer
4. Index of bribery sources
5. World report on corruption
6. Principles of transparency and corruption prevention for businesses
7. Index of corruption of the exporter countries

2- Corporate Social Responsibility (RSE).

1. Introduction to the Corporate Social Responsibility
2. Initiatives: the world report and InFocus (ILO)
3. Dow Jones Index of Sustainability
4. Social responsibility and the EU

3- Global Compact of the UN:

1. Introduction to the Global Compact of the UN
2. Ten principles of the Global Compact
3. How to join to Global Compact
4. United Nations Convention against Corruption
5. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
6. ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work
7. Rio Declaration on Environment and Development

4- Anti-corruption Measures of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).

1. OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises
2. Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in the international business transactions (OECD)
3. Tax and Crime
4. Fighting corruption in the public sector
5. Guidelines for managing conflict of interest in the public service
6. Bribery in the Public Procurement
7. Good Practice Guidance on Internal Controls, Ethics, and Compliance
8. Role of intermediaries in the international business transactions
9. Electronic sales suppression
10. Business integrity in Africa

5- Anti-corruption Clause of the International Chamber of Commerce

1. Introduction to the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
2. Anti-corruption Clause of the International Chamber of Commerce
3. Implementation of the Anti-corruption Clause
4. Scheme of the Anti-corruption Clause

6- Institutions and Initiatives related to the fight against international corruption.

1. Group of States against Corruption
2. Stolen Asset Recovery Initiative
3. International Anti-Corruption Academy
4. Inter-American Convention against corruption
5. Ibero-American Code of good government
6. Financial Action Task Force
7. World Economic Forum Partnering Against Corruption Initiative
8. Global Financial Integrity
9. Fight against corruption of the EU

7- African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption.

1. Regional Anti-Corruption Programme for Africa
2. African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption

Syllabus of the Subject: Import/Export Documents (1 ECTS).

1. Documents in Import/Export transactions
2. Documents of origin (certificate of origin...)
3. Trade Documents (proforma invoice, invoice, packing list...)
4. International Transport Documents (bill of lading B/L...)
5. Administrative Documents
6. Other documents related to International Trade
7. Case Study:
   1. Documents required for export fish to Angola
   2. Documents needed to export to Brazil

Objectives of the Program “International Trade Documents”:

1. To know Foreign Trade documents
2. To know how to fill import/export documents
3. To know how to perform the corresponding check-lists

Syllabus of the Subject: International trade Finance (4 ECTS).

1- International Finance

1. Export/import financing
2. Risks of the export activity
3. Country Risk
4. Finance and pre-finance export credits
5. Export credits (OECD)
6. Other forms of Foreign Trade finance
7. Case Study

2- Foreign Exchange Market (FOREX).

1. Introduction to Foreign Exchange Market (FOREX)
2. Global Financial Crisis
3. Currency trading
4. Players: Central banks, companies, brokers, hedge funds, investors, and speculators
5. Currency exchange rates
6. Methods of managing the exchange risk
7. Types of coverage
8. Exchange risk insurance
9. Forward exchange contracts and currency options. Call/Put Options
10. Spot Market and Forward Market
11. European Central Bank. The Euro
12. Role of the Bank for International Settlements
13. Tobin tax
14. Vulnerability analysis
15. Case Study: the balance of payments as a tool for credit risk analysis of a market

3- International Bonds and Guarantees:

1. Introduction to the International Bonds and guarantees
2. Advance/progress Payment Bond
3. Tender and Performance Bonds
4. Retentions and On-Demand Bonds
5. Other types of guarantees
6. Managing bonds and guarantees
7. Customer liability records
8. Bank obligations
9. ICC Rules for the Issuance of Bonds and Guarantees
10. Invoice discounting
11. Bills of Exchange
12. Endorsements
13. Documentary Collections
14. Clean Collection. Managing collections
15. Factoring and Forfeiting

Objectives of the Program “International Finance”:

1. To understand the modalities of export/import financing
2. To understand the associated risks to the foreign trade transactions
3. To know how to manage pre-financing and export financing
4. To know the functioning of the international bonds and guarantees in foreign trade transactions
5. To understand the role of the Foreign Exchange Market in foreign trade

Syllabus of the Subject: International Contracts (2 ECTS).

1. Introduction to the International Contracts
2. Risks of International Trade
3. Instruments of risk minimization
4. UNCITRAL
5. United Nations Convention on Contracts for International Sale of Goods
6. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
7. Hague Conference on Private International Law
8. Clauses of an international contract
9. Anti-corruption Clause of the ICC
10. International Arbitration
11. Case Study.
    1. Samples of Contracts: distributor, importer, agent
    2. Analysis of the International Sales Contracts
    3. Contracts of international distribution

Objectives of the Program “International Contracts”:

1. To understand the key pillars and the importance of contracts in Foreign Trade
2. To learn how to implement the main clauses of an international sales contract and how to minimise the risks
3. To know the main international institutions and Conferences related to international contracts
4. To know the functioning of an International Arbitration process

Syllabus of the Subject: International Distribution (5 ECTS).

1- International distribution:

1. Introduction to the international distribution Policy
2. Direct exports
3. Foreign Trade Consultancy
4. Associated exportation
5. Export Consortia
6. Trading Companies
7. International distribution and e-business
8. Value Aggregation to the international distribution network
9. Case Study:
   1. Sogo Shoshas and Chaebols
   2. Toshiba
   3. The third Italy
   4. Mitsubishi Corporation
   5. Sanofi-aventis

2- Direct International Distribution

1. International distribution through an importer or distributor
2. International Representative
3. Own staff of the company
4. Joint Ventures
5. Foreign subsidiaries: Sales and Production
6. Internationalization through Licenses and Franchises
7. Other forms of international distribution
8. Case Study:
   1. Distribution in Japan of agri-food products
   2. Distribution in Saudi Arabia
   3. Analysis of the distribution strategies of several companies (Mango, Quilmes, Neck Neck...)
   4. Intel in Costa Rica

3- Sales Network Management.

1. Selection criteria of salesman or distributor
2. Profile of international salesman (distributor)
3. Recruitment methods of distributors
4. International Distribution Contracts
5. Control of the International Representative
6. Case Study:
   1. Formica Group
   2. AL-KO
   3. Group of investments Suramericana
   4. Experience of Motorola and Wal-Mart in China

The objectives of the subject “international distribution”:

1. To learn about the importance of planning an appropriate international distribution strategy
2. To analyze the functions of the importers and representatives
3. To identify the distribution options available to the exporter
4. To discuss the use of a company personnel and sales or production subsidiaries
5. To outline the criteria to be used when selecting a distribution option
6. To analyze the strategies that can be implemented for consumer and industrial products
7. To select the channel options, that may be used when entering new export markets
8. To analyze the process of evaluating, recruiting, and managing international sales representative

Syllabus of the Subject: International Promotion (5 ECTS).

1- International Promotion:

1. Introduction to the international promotion Policy
2. Local, regional and global promotion strategies
3. Promotion Strategy and new export markets
4. Direct and indirect international promotion
5. MIX of international promotion
6. Advertising and publicity
7. International Promotion Campaign
8. Public Relations
9. Case Study

2- International Trade Shows.

1. Importance of international trade shows in the internationalization process
2. Objectives of the participation
3. Preparation and organization of international trade shows
4. Case Study
   1. Cosentino Group
   2. Trade shows in Germany and China

3-Country Brand.

1. Concept of Country Brand
2. Influence of the country brand on the international marketing
3. Country Brand as a competitive advantage
4. Strategy of internationalization and “Country Brand”
5. International Rankings
6. Rating Agencies
7. Case Study:
   1. Spanish brand in China
   2. Index of country image
   3. Model Group (Mexico)
   4. Economic crisis and Country Brand
   5. Country Brand of Argentina, Colombia and Peru

4- International Business Trip.

1. International Business Trips and international marketing
2. Organization of the trip
3. International Sales
4. Post-trip activities

5- E-Promotion and international marketing

1. Key concepts related to the e-Promotion
2. Search engine positioning
3. Promoting online effectively

6- Social networks and international promotion

1. Web 2.0 in a globalized world
2. Key Concepts: Folksonomy, mashup, Cloud computing
3. Sharing content: Photos, documents and Video
4. Business applications of Facebook and Twitter
5. Professional Social Networks (LinkedIn, Xing)
6. Use of Companies Blogs
7. Business Models of the Company 2.0

The objectives of the subject “International promotion”.

1. To understand the key areas of the international promotion
2. To examine the promotion options available to the exporter
3. To learn the importance of an appropriate promotion strategy when entering new export markets
4. To outline the key points to note when designing an enterprise brochure and analyze the available tools when implementing a promotion campaign
5. To understand the influence of a country's international brand on its export performance
6. To understand the fundamentals of the international fairs (appropriate preparation and attendance) and its related follow-up activity
7. To understand how to plan and prepare a business trip to a prospective export market and the follow-up, which will then be required
8. To understand the basics of e-promotion and how to apply them to the international marketing
9. To assess the importance of social networks in the International Marketing and know how to design a social networks strategy

Syllabus of the Subject: Intercultural Management (3 ECTS).

1. Introduction to the Intercultural Management
2. Culture and global society
3. High and low context cultures (Edward Hall)
4. Cultural dimension (Hofstede): Power distance, Individual, and Long-Term Orientation
5. Hofstede dimensions and Religions of the World
6. Seven dimensions of culture
7. Cross-cultural communication and International Marketing Plan
8. Intercultural Management and international business
9. Key strategies for dealing with new cultures
10. Case Study: Ceramic tiles perception in different markets

The objectives of the subject “Intercultural Management”:

1. To understand the importance of the Intercultural Management in Foreign Trade
2. To define the international cultural patterns
3. To know how to design Intercultural Management Strategies

Syllabus of the Subject: International Market Research (2 ECTS).

1. International Market Research
2. How to export?, Where to export?, What to export?
3. Methods of realization of an International Market Research
4. Quantitative analysis
5. Qualitative methods
6. Analysis PEST (politician, economic, social and technological)
7. Examples of the international market research
8. Case Study:
   1. Analysis of an International Market Research
   2. Market profitability
   3. Sales potential in the foreign markets
   4. Market research using the market access tool of the EU

The objectives of the subject “International Market Research”

1. To understand the importance of the international market research in the strategies of Internationalization
2. To know how analyze an International Market Research
3. To know how to use the analysis PEST (politician, economic, social and technological)

Include the tool EENI market access.

Syllabus of the Subject: Export Product/Service Policy (2 ECTS).

1) Product/Service International Strategies.

1. Introduction to international product strategies
2. Standardization, adaptation, and diversification of products and services;
   1. Globally standardized products and services
   2. Locally adapted products and services
3. Brand and product/service policy
4. Business portfolio. BCG Growth-Share Matrix. McKinsey matrix. Experience curve
5. E-Product. Digital value. Pervasive computing
6. Case Study:
   1. Silicon Graphics
   2. Johnson and Johnson
   3. Unilever
   4. General Motors
   5. Tantrix
   6. Linux

2) Quality and International Marketing

1. Quality and international marketing
2. Standards and certifications
3. Case Study: the CE Mark

The objectives of the subject “International product policy”:

1. To know how to design product/services strategies for the international markets
2. To learn the importance of adapting an export product or service to the local or regional requirements when entering new export markets
3. To know how to add value to a traditional product with value digital services

Syllabus of the Subject: International Pricing Policy (1 ECTS).

1. Introduction to the International Pricing Policy
2. Calculation of the export prices
3. Export prices and Incoterms® 2020
4. International prices strategies
5. Product life cycle and international pricing policy
6. Pricing options available to the exporter
7. E-Business and pricing policy
8. Case Study:
   1. Pricing Policy and Inflation
   2. Pricing Policy of NINTENDO
   3. Pricing Policy for Latin America (Iberian America)

The objectives of the subject “International Pricing Policy”.

1. To understand the importance of the international Pricing Policy
2. To know how to design an international Pricing Policy and evaluate its repercussion on the international marketing mix
3. To learn how to calculate the export prices for the different markets

Syllabus of the Subject: Segmentation, Brand and international market positioning (4 ECTS).

1- International segmentation.

1. Importance of the International market segmentation
2. Criteria for the market segmentation
3. Phases of an international segmentation process
4. Niche markets and segmentation
5. Market segmentation strategies: concentrated, differentiated, product specialization, market specialization and total market coverage
6. Case Study:
   1. Land Rover
   2. Arcor Group
   3. Melia Hotels
   4. Volkswagen
   5. Cencosud

2- Brand strategies and international market positioning.

1. Brand importance in the strategy of Internationalization
2. Brand value
3. Brand strategies in foreign markets
4. Global, regional and local brands
5. International market positioning
6. Positioning strategies
7. Twenty-two Immutable Laws of Marketing
8. Case Study:
   1. UNILEVER: brand regionalization strategy
   2. United Biscuits
   3. Ford Motor Company
   4. Positioning a new product in the Australian Markey

The objectives of the subject “Segmentation, brand and international market positioning”:

1. To understand the importance of international segmentation in marketing and the strategies of Internationalization
2. To know how to design a global or local brand strategy to the markets, as well as manage the brand in the international markets
3. To know how Positioning a brand in the international markets

Syllabus of the Subject: Global Ethics and International Business (1 ECTS).

1. Introduction to the Global Ethics
2. Searching for a Model of a Global Ethics
3. Religions as “Wisdom traditions” of humanity: one of the main global ethics sources
4. Shared ethical principles of humanity. The Golden Rule (“Ethic of Reciprocity”)
5. Two fundamental principles of the global ethics;
   1. Harmony of the religion
   2. Ahimsa (Non-Violence)
6. Implications for the international marketing
7. Businesspeople who apply models based on the global ethics
8. Why do we need the global ethics?

The objectives are the following:

1. To define the pillars of a Model of a Global Ethics
2. To understand the religions of humanity as the sources of a Model of a Global Ethics
3. To analyze the two fundamental principles of the global ethics: harmony of religions and Ahimsa (non-violence)
4. To reflect the impact of the Model of a Global Ethics on the international business
5. To analyze the profile of Businessmen who apply Models of Global Ethics

“The principle of the Non-Violence of Mahatma Gandhi and Sri Ramakrishna's testimony to the Harmony of Religions: here we have the approach and spirit that can make it possible for the human race to grow together into one family.” Arnold Toynbee.

Syllabus of the Subject: Christianity (for the Muslim students) (4 ECTS).

1. Introduction to Christianity
2. Christian Denominations
3. Christianity in the World
4. Introduction to Catholicism
5. Introduction to Protestantism
6. Introduction to the Orthodoxy
7. Other Christian Denominations
8. Economic Areas of the Western Civilization

Objectives of the Program “Christianity”:

1. To learn the key pillars of Christianity
2. To analyze the different Christian Denominations (Catholicism, Protestantism, Orthodoxy...)
3. To understand the ethical principles of Christianity
4. To know the distribution of Christianity in the World
5. To analyze the influence of Christianity on Business
6. To know the fundamental role of Christianity in the Economic Area the Western Civilization
7. To analyze the Economic Areas of the Western Civilization

Syllabus of the Subject: Islam (for Christian students) (4 ECTS).

1. Introduction to Islam
2. Prophet Muhammad
3. Holy Quran
4. Expansion of Islam
5. The first schism of Islam: Sunnis and Shiites
6. Introduction to Sufism
7. The Five Pillars of Islam: Profession of Faith, Prayer, Charity (Zakat), Fasting, and Pilgrimage to Mecca
8. Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam
9. Muslim Community (Ummah) in the World
10. Islam and Business
11. Islamic Economic Area
12. Introduction to the Sharia (Islamic Law), Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence), and Islamic Economics and Banking

Objectives of the Program “Islam”:

1. To understand the pillars of Islam
2. To analyze the main branches of Islam: Sunnis and Shiites
3. To understand the ethical principles of Islam
4. To analyze the concept of Muslim Community (Ummah)
5. To analyze the influence of Islam on Business
6. To understand the principles of Islamic Economy and Finance
7. To know the fundamental role of Islam in the Economic Area of the Islamic Civilization
8. To analyze the Islamic Economic Areas, the Economic Integration process and their interrelations with the other civilizations

EENI African Business Portal.

1. ECTS = European Transfer and Accumulation System
2. CECT = Credit of Capitalisable and Transferable Evaluation (CAMES)

Language of the optional subjects of the Bachelor of Science in Inter-African Business (Sixth semester): or EENI EENI EENI.

(c) EENI