Trade and Business in the United Kingdom, London

The objectives of the subject “International Trade and Business in” the United Kingdom” are the following:

1. To analyse the strengths of the British Economy and foreign trade (Import, Export)
2. To understand the causes of the BREXIT and its economic implications
3. To know the business opportunities in the British Market
4. To analyse the trade relations of the United Kingdom with the country of the student
5. To know the UK's new Free Trade and Economic Integration Agreements of the Kingdom after BREXIT
6. To understand the political and economic importance of the Commonwealth
7. To develop a business plan for the British Market

British Preferential Access and Free Trade Agreements

1. The United Kingdom and the European Economic Area
2. United Kingdom Free Trade Agreements (FTA): Cameroon, Canada, Egypt, Pacific States (Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, Samoa), Faroe Islands, Ghana, Israel, Kenya, Kosovo, Lebanon, Morocco, Mauritius-Seychelles-Zimbabwe, Norway-Iceland, Palestine, SACU and Mozambique, Switzerland-Liechtenstein, Tunisia, Turkey
3. United Kingdom Free Trade and Economic Integration Agreements: Central America (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama), CARIFORUM, Chile, Colombia, European Union, South Korea, Ivory Coast, Ecuador-Peru, Georgia, Japan, Macedonia, Moldova, Singapore, Ukraine, Vietnam
4. Regional Cooperation Council (RCC)

Trade Facilitation Programs

1. World Trade Organisation (WTO)
   1. WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS)
   2. WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
   3. WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
   4. WTO Agreement on Preshipment Inspection (PSI)
   5. WTO Agreement on Safeguards (SG)
   6. WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA)
2. World Customs Organisation (WCO)
   1. Revised Kyoto Convention (RKC)
3. International Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods (UNECE)
4. Convention concerning International Carriage by Rail (COTIF)
5. Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road (CMR, UN)
6. International Bureau of Containers and Intermodal Transport (BIC)
7. International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO, Chicago Convention)
8. International Maritime Organisation (IMO)
   1. International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC)
   2. Convention Relating to Temporary Admission (Istanbul Convention)
9. International Road Transport Union (IRU)
   1. TIR Convention
   2. Guidelines on Safe Load Securing for Road Transport
10. International Chamber of Shipping (ICS)
11. Uniform Rules concerning the Contract of International Carriage of Goods by Rail (CIM, CIT)
12. Customs Convention on Containers (CCC, UN) - not a member

European Trade and Economic Organisations of the United Kingdom

1. Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
2. Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)

Global Organisations

1. World Trade Organisation (WTO)
2. Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) (The United Kingdom is a non-borrower member of the IDB)
3. Asian Development Bank (ADB)
4. Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM)
5. United Nations (UN)
   1. Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
   2. International Trade Centre (INTRACEN)
   3. Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL)
   4. World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)
6. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
7. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
   1. OECD anti-corruption measures
8. International Monetary Fund (IMF)
9. Commonwealth
10. African Development Bank (AfDB)
11. World Bank (WB)
12. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
13. Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries (observer country)
14. ...

The United Kingdom is an observer member in:

1. Association of Caribbean States (ACS)
2. Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)
3. Indian-Ocean Rim Association (IORA)
4. Central American Integration System (SICA)
5. Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) - Candidate Country

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Europe)

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain is constituted by Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland,
2. The UK was one of the member states of the European Union (EU) - BREXIT
3. Capital of the United Kingdom: London
4. Area of the United Kingdom: 243,610 square kilometres
5. British Population: 64 million people
6. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy being a representative democracy, where Queen Elizabeth II is recognised as the Head of the State
7. The UK is a unitary state comprised of four constituent nations: Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland

Dependencies of the British Crown: Guernsey, Isle of Man and Jersey

The British Overseas Territories: Akrotiri, Anguilla, Bermuda, Gibraltar, Cayman Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Falkland Islands, Pitcairn Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands, British Virgin Islands, Montserrat, Santa Elena, Ascension and Tristan de Acuña, British Antarctic Territory, British Indian Ocean Territory.

1. Quakerism was founded by George Fox in the United Kingdom. The Quaker William Wilberforce was one of the most important figures in the abolition of Slavery (1807)
   1. Abolition of Slavery in the United Kingdom: 1807
2. Methodism was created by the British John Wesley

The United Kingdom belongs to the Western Civilisation (European Economic Area)

UK Economy

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain is a commercial powerhouse and a global financial centre
2. The UK is one of the most developed countries in the world
3. The United Kingdom represents the fifth world economy and the second largest in Europe (after Germany and followed by France)
4. British GDP (nominal): 2,231 mil million dollars
5. GDP by sector:
   1. Agriculture (0.9%)
   2. Industry (22.8%)
   3. Services (76.2%)
6. UK GDP per capita: 36,600 dollars
7. Its capital, London (along with New York) is one of the two largest financial centres in the world
8. Currency of the United Kingdom: Pound Sterling
9. The UK economy is one of the most important in Europe, increasingly based on the services sector, although it maintains a significant presence in the high-technology sector
10. The United Kingdom of Great Britain is ranked 13th in the competitiveness ranking of the World Economic Forum

Many leading companies and businesspeople from around the world are based in London:

1. The Russian businessman Alexander Lebedev is the owner of four UK newspapers
2. The Sudanese businessman Mohamed Ibrahim
3. The Zimbabwean businessman Strive Masiyiwa
4. The Chaldean Christian businessman of Iraqi origin Nadhmi Shakir Auchi
5. The Saudi businessman Sheik Mohamed Bin Issa Al Jaber
6. The head office of Hinduja, an Indian business group

British Foreign Trade

1. Top export markets of the United Kingdom of Great Britain: The United States, Germany, France, the Republic of Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Italy...
2. The main British Exports: manufactured products, fuels, chemical products, tobacco, beverages, foods
3. Top Trading Partners of the United Kingdom of Great Britain: Germany, the United States, the Republic Popular of the China, the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Norway, Italy...
4. Main British Imports: manufactured products, fuels, machines, foods
5. The United Kingdom is the main Foreign direct investment (FDI) destination in Europe

(c) EENI Global Business School (1995-2022)
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