Intellectual Property Rights

The objectives of the subject “Trade-Related Aspects of the intellectual property rights” are the following:

1. To understand the fundamental concepts related to the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
2. To know the role of the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) and the different international intellectual property registration systems (Lisbon, The Hague, Madrid...) of the WIPO
3. To learn the importance and pillars of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of the intellectual property rights (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organisation (WTO)

Description - Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.

The Intellectual creations are protected through the intellectual property rights. These might be:

1. Copyright and related rights (sheet music, books, software...)
2. Industrial property

The industrial property include: trademarks, patents, trade secrets, designs, geographical indications, website domains, database protection...

The main objective of the intellectual property rights is to protect the author, consumers and promote a fair competition in addition to favouring the innovation (inventions). The Intellectual property rights also allow negotiating a payment for use to the owner of the right.

In foreign trade, the intellectual property rights ensure the transfer of technology (licenses, investments abroad, joint-ventures...)

According to the WTO “the protection of intellectual property must contribute to the technical innovation and technology transfer”

The importance of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) lies in the fact that it allows the incorporation of a whole series of regulations related to the intellectual property in the multilateral trading system.

The TRIPS agreement seeks to standardize the industrial property rights in the member countries of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) through the development of international standards of common use.

These minimum agreements on the protection of the intellectual property rights are usually improved and extended in the free trade agreements.

The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) also defines the mechanisms for resolving the differences between the countries.

The pillars of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS):

1. National treatment
2. Most favored nation treatment (MFN)
3. Balanced protection

The Paris Convention for Protection of Industrial Property, signed in 1883, includes the protection of utility models, trademarks, trade names, patents, industrial models, unfair competition and geographical indications.

The World Trade Organisation member states: Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Eswatini (Swaziland), European Union, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyz Republic, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macau, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Russian Federation, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tajikistan, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe

1. Countries in process of accession to the World Trade Organization: Afghanistan, Algeria, Andorra, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Belarus, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Comoros, Curacao, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Holy See, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Uzbekistan, Syria, São Tomé and Príncipe, Serbia, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, East Timor, Yemen
2. Government with observer status: Turkmenistan
3. Non-member country: North Korea

(c) EENI Global Business School (1995-2022)
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