Trade and Business in Cambodia, Phnom Penh

The aims of the subject “Foreign Trade and Business in the Kingdom of Cambodia” are the following:

1. To analyse the Cambodian Economy and Foreign Trade (Import, Export, FDI)
2. To know the business opportunities in Cambodia
3. To explore the Cambodian trade relations with the country of the student
4. To know the Cambodian Trade Agreements
5. To examine the profile of Cambodian businesspeople and companies
6. To develop a business plan for the Cambodian Market

1. Nanning-Singapore Economic Corridor
   1. Pan-Beibu Gulf Economic Zone
2. Access to the East-West Economic Corridor (Myanmar-Thailand-Laos-Vietnam)

Cambodian Free Trade Agreements (FTA) and Market Access

1. Cambodia and the Buddhist Economic Area
2. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
   1. ASEAN Free-Trade Area
   2. ASEAN Economic Community
   3. Mekong Economic Cooperation Strategy (ACMECS)
   4. Mekong River Commission (MRC)
   5. Cambodia has Free Trade Agreements (as a member of the ASEAN) with China, India, European Union, Japan, Korea, Russia, and the United States
   6. ASEAN (Cambodia)-Australia-New Zealand (Free-Trade Area)
3. Generalised System of Preferences (GSP)
4. Regional Comprehensive Economic Association (RCEP)
5. Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS)
6. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) (Dialogue Partner)

Trade Facilitation Programs

1. World Trade Organisation (WTO)
   1. WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
   2. WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS)
   3. WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
   4. WTO Agreement on Preshipment Inspection (PSI)
   5. WTO Agreement on Safeguards (SG)
   6. WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA)
2. International Bureau of Containers and Intermodal Transport (BIC)
3. International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO, Chicago Convention)
4. International Maritime Organisation (IMO)
5. World Customs Organisation (WCO)
   1. Revised Kyoto Convention (RKC)

Asian Trade and Economic Organisations

1. Asian Development Bank (ADB)
2. Colombo Plan
3. Boao Forum for Asia
4. Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)
5. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
6. Africa-Asia Strategic Partnership
7. Asia-Middle East Dialogue (AMED)
8. Forum for East Asia-Latin America Cooperation (FEALAC)

Global Organisations. Cambodia is a member of:

1. United Nations (UN)
   1. Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
   2. International Trade Centre (INTRACEN)
   3. World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)
2. World Bank (WB)
3. World Trade Organisation (WTO)
4. International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Cambodia

The Kingdom of Cambodia is situated in South-east Asia, sharing borders with Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam.

1. 90% of the Cambodian population is Khmer
2. The capital, Phnom Penh (2 million people) is the economic and political centre of Cambodia
3. Type of Government: Unitary Parliamentary constitutional monarchy
4. Monarch of Cambodia: Norodom Sihamoni
5. Cambodian Independence: 1953 (from France)
6. Cambodian Area: 181,035 square kilometres
7. Cambodian population: 15.5 million people
8. Official language of Cambodia: Khmer. French is also spoken

Theravada Buddhism is the religion of 95% of the population (38 million).

Cambodia belongs to the Buddhist Civilisation

Cambodian Economy.

1. Cambodia is a member of the ASEAN since 1998.
2. Cambodia has accomplished a high economic growth (average of 9.4% annually)
3. The Manufacturing production is focused on the garment sector, these products dominate the Cambodian exports, especially to the United States
4. The Cambodian service sector is strongly concentrated in the commerce activities and catering-related services
5. The Royal Government of Cambodia has approved twenty-one Special Economic Zones situated along the border with Thailand and Vietnam (Koh Kong, Poipet, Savet, and Phnom Den), at Sihanoukville and Phnom Penh
6. Companies within the Special Economic Zones benefit from some fiscal incentives (revenue tax, customs, VAT benefits...)
7. Received economic aid: 989 million dollars in grants or concessional loans
8. Cambodian currency: Riel (KHR)

International Trade of Cambodia.

1. Total value of import augmented by 21% (from 1.990 to 2,409 billion riels), compared to the same last year
2. Total value of Cambodian export amount 1.045 million dollars, an augmented by 30.04% (from 804 million dollars, compared to same period last year) (Source: Customs and Excise Department)
3. Top Cambodian exports products are garments, shoes, cigarettes, natural rubber, rice, pepper, wood, and fish
4. Largest export markets of Cambodia are the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, Singapore, Japan, and Vietnam
5. Top Cambodian imports are fuels, cigarettes, vehicles, consumer products, and machinery
6. Top Cambodian import partners are Thailand, Singapore, the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Taiwan, and the United States.
7. The Sihanoukville Autonomous Port is the only international seaport of the Kingdom of Cambodia

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Cambodia.

1. The Kingdom of Cambodia has opened its economy to Foreign direct investment (FDI) in all the sectors of the economy (banking, insurance, or telecommunications)
2. Foreign investors in Cambodia are allowed to control 100% of the shareholding, without the local participation requisite
3. The largest foreign direct investment (FDI) sources comes from Korea, the People's Republic of China, Russia, Thailand, the United States, and Vietnam

(c) EENI Global Business School (1995-2022)
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